Disallow store path names that are . or .. (plus opt. -)

As discussed in the maintainer meeting on 2024-01-29.

Mainly this is to avoid a situation where the name is parsed and
treated as a file name, mostly to protect users.
.-* and ..-* are also considered invalid because they might strip
on that separator to remove versions. Doesn't really work, but that's
what we decided, and I won't argue with it, because .-* probably
doesn't seem to have a real world application anyway.
We do still permit a 1-character name that's just "-", which still
poses a similar risk in such a situation. We can't start disallowing
trailing -, because a non-zero number of users will need it and we've
seen how annoying and painful such a change is.

What matters most is preventing a situation where . or .. can be
injected, and to just get this done.

(cherry picked from commit f1b4663805a9dbcb1ace64ec110092d17c9155e0)
Change-Id: I900a8509933cee662f888c3c76fa8986b0058839

doc/manual/rl-next/leading-period.md

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ prs: [9867, 9091, 9095, 9120, 9121, 9122, 9130, 9219, 9224]
 ---
 
 Leading periods were allowed by accident in Nix 2.4. The Nix team has considered this to be a bug, but this behavior has since been relied on by users, leading to unnecessary difficulties.
-From now on, leading periods are officially, definitively supported.
+From now on, leading periods are officially, definitively supported. The names `.` and `..` are disallowed, as well as those starting with `.-` or `..-`.
 
 Nix versions that denied leading periods are documented [in the issue](https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/912#issuecomment-1919583286).

src/libstore/path-regex.hh

@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 
 namespace nix {
 
-static constexpr std::string_view nameRegexStr = R"([0-9a-zA-Z\+\-\._\?=]+)";
+
+static constexpr std::string_view nameRegexStr =
+    // This uses a negative lookahead: (?!\.\.?(-|$))
+    //   - deny ".", "..", or those strings followed by '-'
+    //   - when it's not those, start again at the start of the input and apply the next regex, which is [0-9a-zA-Z\+\-\._\?=]+
+    R"((?!\.\.?(-|$))[0-9a-zA-Z\+\-\._\?=]+)";
 
 }

src/libstore/path.cc

@@ -12,6 +12,19 @@ static void checkName(std::string_view path, std::string_view name)
         throw BadStorePath("store path '%s' has a name longer than %d characters",
             path, StorePath::MaxPathLen);
     // See nameRegexStr for the definition
+    if (name[0] == '.') {
+        // check against "." and "..", followed by end or dash
+        if (name.size() == 1)
+            throw BadStorePath("store path '%s' has invalid name '%s'", path, name);
+        if (name[1] == '-')
+            throw BadStorePath("store path '%s' has invalid name '%s': first dash-separated component must not be '%s'", path, name, ".");
+        if (name[1] == '.') {
+            if (name.size() == 2)
+                throw BadStorePath("store path '%s' has invalid name '%s'", path, name);
+            if (name[2] == '-')
+                throw BadStorePath("store path '%s' has invalid name '%s': first dash-separated component must not be '%s'", path, name, "..");
+        }
+    }
     for (auto c : name)
         if (!((c >= '0' && c <= '9')
                 || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')

tests/unit/libstore/path.cc

@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@ TEST_DONT_PARSE(double_star, "**")
 TEST_DONT_PARSE(star_first, "*,foo")
 TEST_DONT_PARSE(star_second, "foo,*")
 TEST_DONT_PARSE(bang, "foo!o")
+TEST_DONT_PARSE(dot, ".")
+TEST_DONT_PARSE(dot_dot, "..")
+TEST_DONT_PARSE(dot_dot_dash, "..-1")
+TEST_DONT_PARSE(dot_dash, ".-1")
+TEST_DONT_PARSE(dot_dot_dash_a, "..-a")
+TEST_DONT_PARSE(dot_dash_a, ".-a")
 
 #undef TEST_DONT_PARSE
 
@@ -63,6 +69,10 @@ TEST_DO_PARSE(period, "foo.txt")
 TEST_DO_PARSE(question_mark, "foo?why")
 TEST_DO_PARSE(equals_sign, "foo=foo")
 TEST_DO_PARSE(dotfile, ".gitignore")
+TEST_DO_PARSE(triple_dot_a, "...a")
+TEST_DO_PARSE(triple_dot_1, "...1")
+TEST_DO_PARSE(triple_dot_dash, "...-")
+TEST_DO_PARSE(triple_dot, "...")
 
 #undef TEST_DO_PARSE
 
@@ -84,6 +94,64 @@ RC_GTEST_FIXTURE_PROP(
     RC_ASSERT(p == store->parseStorePath(store->printStorePath(p)));
 }
 
+
+RC_GTEST_FIXTURE_PROP(
+    StorePathTest,
+    prop_check_regex_eq_parse,
+    ())
+{
+    static auto nameFuzzer =
+        rc::gen::container<std::string>(
+            rc::gen::oneOf(
+                // alphanum, repeated to weigh heavier
+                rc::gen::oneOf(
+                    rc::gen::inRange('0', '9'),
+                    rc::gen::inRange('a', 'z'),
+                    rc::gen::inRange('A', 'Z')
+                ),
+                // valid symbols
+                rc::gen::oneOf(
+                    rc::gen::just('+'),
+                    rc::gen::just('-'),
+                    rc::gen::just('.'),
+                    rc::gen::just('_'),
+                    rc::gen::just('?'),
+                    rc::gen::just('=')
+                ),
+                // symbols for scary .- and ..- cases, repeated for weight
+                rc::gen::just('.'), rc::gen::just('.'),
+                rc::gen::just('.'), rc::gen::just('.'),
+                rc::gen::just('-'), rc::gen::just('-'),
+                // ascii symbol ranges
+                rc::gen::oneOf(
+                    rc::gen::inRange(' ', '/'),
+                    rc::gen::inRange(':', '@'),
+                    rc::gen::inRange('[', '`'),
+                    rc::gen::inRange('{', '~')
+                ),
+                // typical whitespace
+                rc::gen::oneOf(
+                    rc::gen::just(' '),
+                    rc::gen::just('\t'),
+                    rc::gen::just('\n'),
+                    rc::gen::just('\r')
+                ),
+                // some chance of control codes, non-ascii or other garbage we missed
+                rc::gen::inRange('\0', '\xff')
+        ));
+
+    auto name = *nameFuzzer;
+
+    std::string path = store->storeDir + "/575s52sh487i0ylmbs9pvi606ljdszr0-" + name;
+    bool parsed = false;
+    try {
+        store->parseStorePath(path);
+        parsed = true;
+    } catch (const BadStorePath &) {
+    }
+    RC_ASSERT(parsed == std::regex_match(std::string { name }, nameRegex));
+}
+
 #endif
 
 }