diff --git a/src/libstore/local-store.cc b/src/libstore/local-store.cc
index 950a9f74e..83daa7506 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/local-store.cc
@@ -652,6 +652,14 @@ void LocalStore::checkDerivationOutputs(const StorePath & drvPath, const Derivat
     }
 }
 
+void LocalStore::registerDrvOutput(const Realisation & info, CheckSigsFlag checkSigs)
+{
+    settings.requireExperimentalFeature("ca-derivations");
+    if (checkSigs == NoCheckSigs || !realisationIsUntrusted(info))
+        registerDrvOutput(info);
+    else
+        throw Error("cannot register realisation '%s' because it lacks a valid signature", info.outPath.to_string());
+}
 
 void LocalStore::registerDrvOutput(const Realisation & info)
 {
diff --git a/src/libstore/local-store.hh b/src/libstore/local-store.hh
index c311d295a..26e034a82 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-store.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/local-store.hh
@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@ public:
     /* Register the store path 'output' as the output named 'outputName' of
        derivation 'deriver'. */
     void registerDrvOutput(const Realisation & info) override;
+    void registerDrvOutput(const Realisation & info, CheckSigsFlag checkSigs) override;
     void cacheDrvOutputMapping(State & state, const uint64_t deriver, const string & outputName, const StorePath & output);
 
     std::optional<const Realisation> queryRealisation(const DrvOutput&) override;
diff --git a/src/libstore/store-api.cc b/src/libstore/store-api.cc
index 77c310988..5e321cedf 100644
--- a/src/libstore/store-api.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/store-api.cc
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ std::map<StorePath, StorePath> copyPaths(ref<Store> srcStore, ref<Store> dstStor
     auto pathsMap = copyPaths(srcStore, dstStore, storePaths, repair, checkSigs, substitute);
     try {
         for (auto & realisation : realisations) {
-            dstStore->registerDrvOutput(realisation);
+            dstStore->registerDrvOutput(realisation, checkSigs);
         }
     } catch (MissingExperimentalFeature & e) {
         // Don't fail if the remote doesn't support CA derivations is it might
diff --git a/src/libstore/store-api.hh b/src/libstore/store-api.hh
index b90aeaa4c..5d19e8949 100644
--- a/src/libstore/store-api.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/store-api.hh
@@ -485,6 +485,8 @@ public:
      */
     virtual void registerDrvOutput(const Realisation & output)
     { unsupported("registerDrvOutput"); }
+    virtual void registerDrvOutput(const Realisation & output, CheckSigsFlag checkSigs)
+    { return registerDrvOutput(output); }
 
     /* Write a NAR dump of a store path. */
     virtual void narFromPath(const StorePath & path, Sink & sink) = 0;
diff --git a/tests/ca/signatures.sh b/tests/ca/signatures.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b4e468f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ca/signatures.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+source common.sh
+
+# Globally enable the ca derivations experimental flag
+sed -i 's/experimental-features = .*/& ca-derivations ca-references/' "$NIX_CONF_DIR/nix.conf"
+
+clearStore
+clearCache
+
+nix-store --generate-binary-cache-key cache1.example.org $TEST_ROOT/sk1 $TEST_ROOT/pk1
+pk1=$(cat $TEST_ROOT/pk1)
+
+export REMOTE_STORE_DIR="$TEST_ROOT/remote_store"
+export REMOTE_STORE="file://$REMOTE_STORE_DIR"
+
+ensureCorrectlyCopied () {
+    attrPath="$1"
+    nix build --store "$REMOTE_STORE" --file ./content-addressed.nix "$attrPath"
+}
+
+testOneCopy () {
+    clearStore
+    rm -rf "$REMOTE_STORE_DIR"
+
+    attrPath="$1"
+    nix copy --to $REMOTE_STORE "$attrPath" --file ./content-addressed.nix \
+        --secret-key-files "$TEST_ROOT/sk1"
+
+    ensureCorrectlyCopied "$attrPath"
+
+    # Ensure that we can copy back what we put in the store
+    clearStore
+    nix copy --from $REMOTE_STORE \
+        --file ./content-addressed.nix "$attrPath" \
+        --trusted-public-keys $pk1
+}
+
+for attrPath in rootCA dependentCA transitivelyDependentCA dependentNonCA dependentFixedOutput; do
+    testOneCopy "$attrPath"
+done
diff --git a/tests/local.mk b/tests/local.mk
index e17555051..9a227bec5 100644
--- a/tests/local.mk
+++ b/tests/local.mk
@@ -41,8 +41,9 @@ nix_tests = \
   build.sh \
   compute-levels.sh \
   ca/build.sh \
-  ca/nix-copy.sh \
   ca/substitute.sh
+  ca/signatures.sh \
+  ca/nix-copy.sh
   # parallel.sh
 
 install-tests += $(foreach x, $(nix_tests), tests/$(x))