diff --git a/src/libexpr/primops.cc b/src/libexpr/primops.cc
index a800d2429..ab9351f11 100644
--- a/src/libexpr/primops.cc
+++ b/src/libexpr/primops.cc
@@ -1913,21 +1913,26 @@ static void prim_replaceStrings(EvalState & state, const Pos & pos, Value * * ar
     auto s = state.forceString(*args[2], context, pos);
 
     string res;
-    for (size_t p = 0; p < s.size(); ) {
+    // Loops one past last character to handle the case where 'from' contains an empty string.
+    for (size_t p = 0; p <= s.size(); ) {
         bool found = false;
         auto i = from.begin();
         auto j = to.begin();
         for (; i != from.end(); ++i, ++j)
             if (s.compare(p, i->size(), *i) == 0) {
                 found = true;
-                p += i->size();
                 res += j->first;
+                if (i->empty()) {
+                    res += s[p++];
+                } else {
+                    p += i->size();
+                }
                 for (auto& path : j->second)
                     context.insert(path);
                 j->second.clear();
                 break;
             }
-        if (!found) res += s[p++];
+        if (!found && p < s.size()) res += s[p++];
     }
 
     mkString(v, res, context);
diff --git a/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.exp b/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.exp
index a2add1b7b..590c281ac 100644
--- a/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.exp
+++ b/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.exp
@@ -1 +1 @@
-[ "faabar" "fbar" "fubar" "faboor" "fubar" ]
+[ "faabar" "fbar" "fubar" "faboor" "fubar" "XaXbXcX" "X" ]
diff --git a/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.nix b/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.nix
index 6284a0e66..c84e9269f 100644
--- a/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.nix
+++ b/tests/lang/eval-okay-replacestrings.nix
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ with builtins;
   (replaceStrings ["oo"] ["u"] "foobar")
   (replaceStrings ["oo" "a"] ["a" "oo"] "foobar")
   (replaceStrings ["oo" "oo"] ["u" "i"] "foobar")
+  (replaceStrings [""] ["X"] "abc")
+  (replaceStrings [""] ["X"] "")
 ]