On non-NixOS, Nix is conventionally installed into a `nix-env` style profile at /nix/var/nix/profiles/default.
Like any `nix-env` profile, using `nix profile` on it automatically migrates it to a `nix profile` style profile, which is incompatible with `nix-env`.
`nix upgrade-nix` previously relied solely on `nix-env` to do the upgrade, but now will work fine with either kind of profile.