Hydra/28: Rename "scheduler" to "evaluator"
This commit is contained in:
Rob Vermaas
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<html>
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<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<hr>
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<h1>The Hydra Buildfarm User Manual</h1>
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<h2>Draft (Version 0.1)</h2>
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<p/>
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<h3>Eelco Dolstra and Eelco Visser</h3>
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<p/>
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Delft University of Technology
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<p/>
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Department of Software Technology
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<p/>
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Copyright 2008 Eelco Dolstra
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<hr>
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<h2>Chapter 1. Introduction</h2>
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<h3>1.1. About Hydra</h3>
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Hydra is a tool for continuous integration testing and software
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release that uses a purely functional language to describe build jobs
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and their dependencies. Continuous integration is a simple technique
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to improve the quality of the software development process. An
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automated system continuously or periodically checks out the source
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code of a project, builds it, runs tests, and produces reports for the
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developers. Thus, various errors that might accidentally be committed
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into the code base are automatically caught. Such a system allows
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more in-depth testing than what developers could feasibly do manually:
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<p/>
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<ol>
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<li> <em>Portability testing</em>: The software may need to be built
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and tested on many different platforms. It is infeasible for each
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developer to do this before every commit.
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<p/>
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<li> Likewise, many projects have very large test sets (e.g.,
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regression tests in a compiler, or stress tests in a DBMS) that can
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take hours or days to run to completion.
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<p/>
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<li> Many kinds of static and dynamic analyses can be performed as
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part of the tests, such as code coverage runs and static analyses.
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<p/>
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<li> It may also be necessary to build many different <em>variants</em>
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of the software. For instance, it may be necessary to verify that
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the component builds with various versions of a compiler.
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<p/>
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<li> Developers typically use incremental building to test their
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changes (since a full build may take too long), but this is
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unreliable with many build management tools (such as Make), i.e.,
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the result of the incremental build might differ from a full build.
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<p/>
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<li> It ensures that the software can be built from the sources under
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revision control. Users of version management systems such as CVS
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and Subversion often forget to place source files under revision
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control.
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<p/>
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<li> The machines on which the continuous integration system runs
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ideally provides a clean, well-defined build environment. If this
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environment is administered through proper SCM techniques, then
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builds produced by the system can be reproduced. In contrast,
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developer work environments are typically not under any kind of SCM
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control.
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<p/>
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<li> In large projects, developers often work on a particular
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component of the project, and do not build and test the composition
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of those components (again since this is likely to take too long).
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To prevent the phenomenon of ``big bang integration'', where
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components are only tested together near the end of the development
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process, it is important to test components together as soon as
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possible (hence <em>continuous integration</em>).
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<p/>
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<li> It allows software to be <em>released</em> by automatically
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creating packages that users can download and install. To do this
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manually represents an often prohibitive amount of work, as one may
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want to produce releases for many different platforms: e.g.,
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installers for Windows and Mac OS X, RPM or Debian packages for
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certain Linux distributions, and so on.
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<p/>
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</ol>
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<p/>
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In its simplest form, a continuous integration tool sits in a loop
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building and releasing software components from a version management
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system. For each component, it performs the following tasks:
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<ol>
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<li>It obtains the latest version of the component's source code
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from the version management system.
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<li> It runs the component's build process (which presumably includes
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the execution of the component's test set).
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<li> It presents the results of the build (such as error logs and
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releases) to the developers, e.g., by producing a web page.
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</ol>
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<p/>
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Examples of continuous integration tools include CruiseControl
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Tinderbox, Sisyphus, Anthill and BuildBot. These tools have various
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limitations.
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<ol>
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<li> They do not manage the <em>build environment</em>. The build
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environment consists of the dependencies necessary to perform a build
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action, e.g., compilers, libraries, etc. Setting up the environment
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is typically done manually, and without proper SCM control (so it may
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be hard to reproduce a build at a later time). Manual management of
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the environment scales poorly in the number of configurations that
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must be supported. For instance, suppose that we want to build a
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component that requires a certain compiler X. We then have to go to
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each machine and install X. If we later need a newer version of X,
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the process must be repeated all over again. An ever worse problem
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occurs if there are conflicting, mutually exclusive versions of the
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dependencies. Thus, simply installing the latest version is not an
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option. Of course, we can install these components in different
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directories and manually pass the appropriate paths to the build
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processes of the various components. But this is a rather tiresome
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and error-prone process. <p/>
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<li> They do not easily support <em>variability in software
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systems</em>. A system may have a great deal of build-time
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variability: optional functionality, whether to build a debug or
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production version, different versions of dependencies, and so on.
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(For instance, the Linux kernel now has over 2,600 build-time
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configuration switches.) It is therefore important that a continuous
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integration tool can easily select and test different instances from
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the configuration space of the system to reveal problems, such as
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erroneous interactions between features. In a continuous integration
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setting, it is also useful to test different combinations of versions
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of subsystems, e.g., the head revision of a component against stable
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releases of its dependencies, and vice versa, as this can reveal
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various integration problems.
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</ol>
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<p/>
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<em>Hydra</em>, is a continuous integration tool that solves these
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problems. It is built on top of the <a href="http://nixos.org">Nix
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package manager</a>, which has a purely functional language for
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describing package build actions and their dependencies. This allows
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the build environment for projects to be produced automatically and
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deterministically, and variability in components to be expressed
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naturally using functions; and as such is an ideal fit for a
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continuous build system.
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<p/>
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<h3>1.2. About Us</h3>
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Hydra is the successor of the Nix Buildfarm, which was developed in
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tandem with the Nix software deployment system. Nix was originally
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developed at the Department of Information and Computing Sciences,
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Utrecht University by the TraCE project (2003-2008). The project was
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funded by the Software Engineering Research Program Jacquard to
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improve the support for variability in software systems. Funding for
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the development of Nix and Hydra is now provided by the NIRICT LaQuSo
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Build Farm project.
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<h3>1.3. About this Manual</h3>
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This manual tells you how to install the Hydra buildfarm software on
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your own server and how to operate that server using its web
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interface.
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<h3>1.4. License</h3>
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Hydra is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the
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Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at
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your option) any later version. Hydra is distributed in the hope that
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it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
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warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See
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the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
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|
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<h3>1.5. Hydra at nixos.org</h3>
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The nixos.org installation of Hydra runs at
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<blockquote>
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<a href="http://hydra.nixos.org/">http://hydra.nixos.org</a>
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</blockquote>
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That installation is used to build software components from the
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<a href="http://nixos.org">Nix</a>,
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<a href="http://nixos.org/nixos">NixOS</a>,
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<a href="http://strategoxt.org">Stratego/XT</a>,
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and related projects.
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If you are one of the developers on those projects, it is likely that
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you will be using the NixOS Hydra server in some way. If you need to
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administer automatic builds for your project, you should pull the
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right strings to get an account on the server. This manual will tell
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you how to set up new projects and build jobs within those projects
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and write a release.nix file to describe the build process of your
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project to Hydra. You can skip Chapter 2.
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<p/>
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If your project does not yet have automatic builds within the NixOS
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Hydra server, it may actually be eligible. We are in the process of
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setting up a large buildfarm that should be able to support open
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source and academic software projects. Get in touch.
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<h3>1.6. Hydra on your own buildfarm</h3>
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If you need to run your own Hydra installation, Chapter 2 explains
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how to download and install the system on your own server.
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<h2>Chapter 2. Installation and Configuration</h2>
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This chapter explains how to install Hydra on your own buildfarm server.
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<h3>2.1. Platform Requirements</h3>
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To run Hydra you need a Linux server. For small projects, Hydra can
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be run on any reasonably modern machine. For individual projects you
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can even run Hydra on a laptop. However, the charm of a buildfarm
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server is usually that it operates without disturbing the developer's
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working environment and can serve releases over the internet. In
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conjunction you should typically have your source code administered in
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a version management system, such as subversion. Therefore, you will
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probably want to install a server that is connected to the
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internet. To scale up to large and/or many projects, you will need at
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least a considerable amount of diskspace to store builds. Since Hydra
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can schedule multiple simultaneous build jobs, it can be useful to
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have a multi-core machine, and/or attach multiple build machines in a
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network to the central Hydra server.
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<p/>
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Of course we think it is a good idea to use the <a
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href="http://nixos.org/nixos">NixOS</a> Linux distribution for your
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buildfarm server. But this is not a requirement. The Nix software
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deployment system can be installed on any Linux distribution in
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parallel to the regular package management system. Thus, you can use
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Hydra on a Suse, Fedora, or Ubuntu system.
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<h3>2.2. Getting Nix</h3>
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If your server runs NixOS you are all set to continue with
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installation of Hydra. Otherwise you first need to install Nix.
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The <a href="http://nixos.org/releases/nix/nix-0.12">latest stable release</a> is Nix 0.12.
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Installation instructions can be found in the
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<a href="http://nixos.org/releases/nix/nix-0.12/manual/">Nix User's Guide</a>.
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<h3>2.3. Installation</h2>
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To install Hydra, get the most recent 'closure' available from
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<blockquote>
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<a href="http://hydra.nixos.org/releases/hydra/unstable">http://hydra.nixos.org/releases/hydra/unstable</a>
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</blockquote>
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And follow the instructions that are revealed by clicking [help].
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ gunzip < hydra-build.closure.gz | nix-store --import
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</pre>
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This unpacks the closure and imports its components into the Nix store.
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ nix-env -i /nix/store/...-hydra-build
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</pre>
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This makes the tools in the Hydra package available in your Nix user
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environment.
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<p/>
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Command completion should then reveal a number of tools related to
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hydra installed:
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ hydra_<tab>
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hydra_build.pl hydra_fastcgi.pl hydra_scheduler.pl
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hydra_cgi.pl hydra_init.pl hydra_server.pl
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hydra_create.pl hydra_queue_runner.pl hydra_test.pl
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</pre>
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<h3>2.4. Configuration</h3>
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The Hydra software is installed in the Nix store, but to run it needs
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a directory for storing the database, logs, and session data. In your
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<code>.bashrc</code> or similar configuration file define:
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<pre class="programlisting">
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export HYDRA_DATA=/usr/local/hydra
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</pre>
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and make sure that you actually create that directory. (Of course, you
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can use another directory, but then remember to also substitute that
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name in the commands below.)
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<p/>
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Run <code>hydra_init.pl</code> to initialize the database
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ hydra_init.pl
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</pre>
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Run <code>hydra_server.pl</code> to start the webserver at <a href="http://localhost:3000">http://localhost:3000</a>
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ hydra_server.pl
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</pre>
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Also start the scheduler, which monitors the source repositories and
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adds builds to the queue, and the runner, which executes jobs in the
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queue.
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ hydra_scheduler.pl
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$ hydra_queue_runner.pl
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</pre>
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Now your Hydra server should be up and running and the web interface
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operational.
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<h3>2.5. User Administration</h3>
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To be able to add jobs and create projects you need to register users
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in the Hydra database. In the current version, the web interface does
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not yet support user administration. Use the following command to add
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a new user to the database.
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ sqlite3 /usr/local/hydra/hydra.sqlite "insert into Users(userName, emailAddress, password) values('eelco', 'blablah@example.org', '$(echo -n foobar | sha1sum | cut -c1-40)');"
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</pre>
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where <code>eelco</code> is the username, and <code>foobar</code> the
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password. (Make sure to use other values!)
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<p/>
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To give this user administrator privileges, follow this up by:
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<pre class="programlisting">
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$ sqlite3 /usr/local/hydra/hydra.sqlite "insert into UserRoles(userName, role) values('eelco', 'admin');"
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</pre>
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Now you should be able to create a project using the Hydra web interface.
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<h2>Chapter 3. Creating Projects</h2>
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|
||||||
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|
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The next step is to add projects to the buildfarm. We follow the
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example of the patchelf project at hydra.nixos.org. Note that the
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error messages provided as feedback by the webinterface can be
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somewhat unfriendly in the current version.
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<p/>
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|
||||||
<a href="http://localhost:3000/login">Login</a>
|
|
||||||
to the webinterface of your Hydra installation using
|
|
||||||
the username and password you inserted in the database.
|
|
||||||
Then follow the
|
|
||||||
'<a href="http://localhost:3000/createproject">Create Project</a>'
|
|
||||||
link to create a new project.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h3>3.1. General information</h3>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A project definition consists of some general information and a set of
|
|
||||||
jobsets. The general information identifies a project, its owner, and
|
|
||||||
current state of activity.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Here's what we fill in for the patchelf project:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
Identifier: patchelf
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The <strong>identifier</strong> is the identity of the project. It is
|
|
||||||
used in URLs and in the names of build results.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p/>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The identifier should be a unique name (it is the
|
|
||||||
primary database key for the project table in the database). If you
|
|
||||||
try to create a project with an already existing identifier you'd get
|
|
||||||
an error message such as:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre>
|
|
||||||
I'm very sorry, but an error occurred:
|
|
||||||
DBIx::Class::ResultSet::create(): DBI Exception: DBD::SQLite::st execute failed: column name is not unique(19) at dbdimp.c line 402
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
So try to create the project after entering just the general
|
|
||||||
information to figure out if you have chosen a unique name.
|
|
||||||
Jobsets can be added once the project has been created.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
Display name: Patchelf
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The <strong>display name</strong> is used in menus.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
Description: A tool for modifying ELF binaries
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The <strong>description</strong> is used as short documentation of the
|
|
||||||
nature of the project.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
Owner: eelco
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The <strong>owner</strong> of a project can create and edit jobsets.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
Enabled: Yes
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Only if the project is <strong>enabled</strong> are builds performed.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p/>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Once created there should be an entry for the project in the
|
|
||||||
sidebar. Go to the project page for the <a
|
|
||||||
href="http://localhost:3000/project/patchelf">Patchelf</a> project.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h3>3.2. Jobsets</h3>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A project can consist of multiple `jobsets', separate tasks that can
|
|
||||||
be built separately, but may depend on each other (without cyclic
|
|
||||||
dependencies, of course). Go to the
|
|
||||||
<a href="http://localhost:3000/project/patchelf/edit">Edit</a>
|
|
||||||
page of the Patchelf project and 'Add a new jobset'
|
|
||||||
by providing the following 'Information':
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
Identifier: trunk
|
|
||||||
Description: Trunk
|
|
||||||
Nix expression: release.nix in input patchelfSrc
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This states that in order to build the 'Trunk' jobset, the Nix
|
|
||||||
expression in the file 'release.nix', which can be obtained from input
|
|
||||||
'patchelfSrc', should be evaluated. (We'll have a look at release.nix
|
|
||||||
later.)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p/>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To realize a job we probably need a number of inputs, which can be
|
|
||||||
declared in the table below. As many inputs as required can be added.
|
|
||||||
For patchelf we declare the following inputs.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
patchelfSrc
|
|
||||||
'Subversion checkout' https://svn.nixos.org/repos/nix/patchelf/trunk
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
patchelfSrc
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
nixpkgs 'CVS checkout' https://svn.nixos.org/repos/nix/nixpkgs/trunk
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
nixpkgs
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
officialRelease Boolean false
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
officialRelease
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre class="programlisting">
|
|
||||||
system String value "i686-linux"
|
|
||||||
</pre>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
system
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h3>3.2. Release Set</h3>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
there must be one primary job
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
check the radio button of exactly one job
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
https://svn.nixos.org/repos/nix/nixpkgs/trunk
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h3>3.3. Building Jobs</h3>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h3>3.4. release.nix</h3>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Voorbeelden van Nix expressies voor Hydra:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
https://svn.nixos.org/repos/nix/patchelf/trunk/release.nix
|
|
||||||
https://svn.nixos.org/repos/nix/nix/trunk/release.nix
|
|
||||||
https://svn.nixos.org/repos/nix/hydra/trunk/release.nix
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h3>3.5. Building on the command line</h3>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Overigens zijn die helemaal niet Hydra-specifiek, je kunt ze gewoon vanaf de
|
|
||||||
command line bouwen, bijv. als je een patchelf checkout hebt (met een nixpkgs
|
|
||||||
checkout in ../nixpkgs):
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ nix-build release.nix -A rpm_fedora10i386
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</body>
|
|
||||||
</html>
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue