forked from lix-project/lix
Update quick start section
This commit is contained in:
parent
2b74354e52
commit
103e4e43cc
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
|
|||
version="5.0"
|
||||
xml:id="ch-about-nix">
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
<title>About Nix</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Nix is a <emphasis>purely functional package manager</emphasis>.
|
||||
This means that it treats packages like values in purely functional
|
||||
|
@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ store</emphasis>, usually the directory
|
|||
subdirectory such as
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>
|
||||
/nix/store/nlc4z5y1hm8w9s8vm6m1f5hy962xjmp5-firefox-12.0
|
||||
/nix/store/b6gvzjyb2pg0kjfwrjmg1vfhh54ad73z-firefox-33.1/
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
where <literal>nlc4z5…</literal> is a unique identifier for the
|
||||
where <literal>b6gvzjyb2pg0…</literal> is a unique identifier for the
|
||||
package that captures all its dependencies (it’s a cryptographic hash
|
||||
of the package’s build dependency graph). This enables many powerful
|
||||
features.</para>
|
||||
|
@ -165,12 +165,6 @@ skip building from source and download a pre-built binary instead if
|
|||
it knows about it. <emphasis>Nix channels</emphasis> provide Nix
|
||||
expressions along with pre-built binaries.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
<para>source deployment model (like <a
|
||||
href="http://www.gentoo.org/">Gentoo</a>) and a binary model (like
|
||||
RPM)</para>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
</simplesect>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -193,10 +187,48 @@ collection</emphasis> (Nixpkgs).</para>
|
|||
</simplesect>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<simplesect><title>Managing build environments</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Nix is extremely useful for developers as it makes it easy to
|
||||
automatically set up the the build environment for a package. Given a
|
||||
Nix expression that describes the dependencies of your package, the
|
||||
command <command>nix-shell</command> will build or download those
|
||||
dependencies if they’re not already in your Nix store, and then start
|
||||
a Bash shell in which all necessary environment variables (such as
|
||||
compiler search paths) are set.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For example, the following command gets all dependencies of the
|
||||
Pan newsreader, as described by <link
|
||||
xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/applications/networking/newsreaders/pan/default.nix">its
|
||||
Nix expression</link>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' -A pan
|
||||
</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You’re then dropped into a shell where you can edit, build and test
|
||||
the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ tar xf $src
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ cd pan-*
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ ./configure
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ make
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ ./pan/gui/pan
|
||||
</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
<para>Since Nix packages are reproducible and have complete dependency
|
||||
specifications, Nix makes an excellent basis for <a
|
||||
href="[%root%]hydra">a continuous build system</a>.</para>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
</simplesect>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<simplesect><title>Portability</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Nix should run on most Unix systems, including Linux and Mac OS
|
||||
X.</para>
|
||||
<para>Nix runs on Linux and Mac OS X.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</simplesect>
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -206,20 +238,22 @@ X.</para>
|
|||
<para>NixOS is a Linux distribution based on Nix. It uses Nix not
|
||||
just for package management but also to manage the system
|
||||
configuration (e.g., to build configuration files in
|
||||
<filename>/etc</filename>). This means, among other things, that it’s
|
||||
possible to easily roll back the entire configuration of the system to
|
||||
an earlier state. Also, users can install software without root
|
||||
<filename>/etc</filename>). This means, among other things, that it
|
||||
is easy to roll back the entire configuration of the system to an
|
||||
earlier state. Also, users can install software without root
|
||||
privileges. For more information and downloads, see the <link
|
||||
xlink:href="http://nixos.org/">NixOS homepage</link>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</simplesect>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- other features:
|
||||
<simplesect><title>License</title>
|
||||
|
||||
- build farms
|
||||
- reproducibility (Nix expressions allows whole configuration to be rebuilt)
|
||||
<para>Nix is released under the terms of the <link
|
||||
xlink:href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html">GNU
|
||||
LGPLv2.1 or (at your option) any later version</link>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</simplesect>
|
||||
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -28,10 +28,11 @@ in the channel:
|
|||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-env -qa
|
||||
docbook-xml-4.2
|
||||
firefox-1.0pre-PR-0.10.1
|
||||
hello-2.1.1
|
||||
libxslt-1.1.0
|
||||
docbook-xml-4.3
|
||||
docbook-xml-4.5
|
||||
firefox-33.0.2
|
||||
hello-2.9
|
||||
libxslt-1.1.28
|
||||
<replaceable>...</replaceable></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</para></step>
|
||||
|
@ -62,6 +63,28 @@ $ nix-env -e hello</screen>
|
|||
|
||||
</para></step>
|
||||
|
||||
<step><para>You can also test a package without installing it:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-shell -p hello
|
||||
</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
This builds or downloads GNU Hello and its dependencies, then drops
|
||||
you into a Bash shell where the <command>hello</command> command is
|
||||
present, all without affecting your normal environment:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
[nix-shell:~]$ hello
|
||||
Hello, world!
|
||||
|
||||
[nix-shell:~]$ exit
|
||||
|
||||
$ hello
|
||||
hello: command not found
|
||||
</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</para></step>
|
||||
|
||||
<step><para>To keep up-to-date with the channel, do:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
|
@ -72,6 +95,7 @@ The latter command will upgrade each installed package for which there
|
|||
is a “newer” version (as determined by comparing the version
|
||||
numbers).</para></step>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
<step><para>You can also install specific packages directly from
|
||||
your web browser. For instance, you can go to <link
|
||||
xlink:href="http://hydra.nixos.org/jobset/nixpkgs/trunk/channel/latest"
|
||||
|
@ -81,6 +105,7 @@ the program <command>nix-install-package</command>. A window should
|
|||
appear asking you whether it’s okay to install the package. Say
|
||||
<literal>Y</literal>. The package and all its dependencies will be
|
||||
installed.</para></step>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<step><para>If you're unhappy with the result of a
|
||||
<command>nix-env</command> action (e.g., an upgraded package turned
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue