diff --git a/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in b/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in index 4b654567f..5bf274550 100644 --- a/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in +++ b/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in @@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ - [Glossary](glossary.md) - [Contributing](contributing/contributing.md) - [Hacking](contributing/hacking.md) + - [Experimental Features](contributing/experimental-features.md) - [CLI guideline](contributing/cli-guideline.md) - [Release Notes](release-notes/release-notes.md) - [Release X.Y (202?-??-??)](release-notes/rl-next.md) diff --git a/doc/manual/src/command-ref/nix-shell.md b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/nix-shell.md index 9f36929f7..576e5ba0b 100644 --- a/doc/manual/src/command-ref/nix-shell.md +++ b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/nix-shell.md @@ -120,7 +120,8 @@ shell in which to build it: ```console $ nix-shell '' -A pan [nix-shell]$ eval ${unpackPhase:-unpackPhase} -[nix-shell]$ cd pan-* +[nix-shell]$ cd $sourceRoot +[nix-shell]$ eval ${patchPhase:-patchPhase} [nix-shell]$ eval ${configurePhase:-configurePhase} [nix-shell]$ eval ${buildPhase:-buildPhase} [nix-shell]$ ./pan/gui/pan diff --git a/doc/manual/src/contributing/experimental-features.md b/doc/manual/src/contributing/experimental-features.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f1db22751 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/manual/src/contributing/experimental-features.md @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +This section describes the notion of *experimental features*, and how it fits into the big picture of the development of Nix. + +# What are experimental features? + +Experimental features are considered unstable, which means that they can be changed or removed at any time. +Users must explicitly enable them by toggling the associated [experimental feature flags](@docroot@/command-ref/conf-file.md#conf-experimental-features). +This allows accessing unstable functionality without unwittingly relying on it. + +Experimental feature flags were first introduced in [Nix 2.4](@docroot@/release-notes/rl-2.4.md). +Before that, Nix did have experimental features, but they were not guarded by flags and were merely documented as unstable. +This was a source of confusion and controversy. + +# When should a new feature be marked experimental? + +A change in the Nix codebase should be guarded by an experimental feature flag if it is considered likely to be reverted or adapted in a backwards-incompatible manner after gathering more experience with it in practice. + +Examples: + +- Changes to the Nix language, such as new built-ins, syntactic or semantic changes, etc. +- Changes to the command-line interface + +# Lifecycle of an experimental feature + +Experimental features have to be treated on a case-by-case basis. +However, the standard workflow for an experimental feature is as follows: + +- A new feature is implemented in a *pull request* + - It is guarded by an experimental feature flag that is disabled by default +- The pull request is merged, the *experimental* feature ends up in a release + - Using the feature requires explicitly enabling it, signifying awareness of the potential risks + - Being experimental, the feature can still be changed arbitrarily +- The feature can be *removed* + - The associated experimental feature flag is also removed +- The feature can be declared *stable* + - The associated experimental feature flag is removed + - There should be enough evidence of users having tried the feature, such as feedback, fixed bugs, demonstrations of how it is put to use + - Maintainers must feel confident that: + - The feature is designed and implemented sensibly, that it is fit for purpose + - Potential interactions are well-understood + - Stabilising the feature will not incur an outsized maintenance burden in the future + +The following diagram illustrates the process: + +``` + .------. + | idea | + '------' + | + discussion, design, implementation + | + | .-------. + | | | + v v | + .--------------. review + | pull request | | + '--------------' | + | ^ | | + | | '-------' + .---' '----. + | | + merge user feedback, + | (breaking) changes + | | + '---. .----' + | | + v | + +--------------+ + .---| experimental |----. + | +--------------+ | + | | +decision to stabilise decision against + | keeping the feature + | | + v v + +--------+ +---------+ + | stable | | removed | + +--------+ +---------+ +``` + +# Relation to the RFC process + +Experimental features and [RFCs](https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/) both allow approaching substantial changes while minimizing the risk. +However they serve different purposes: + +- An experimental feature enables developers to iterate on and deliver a new idea without committing to it or requiring a costly long-running fork. + It is primarily an issue of *implementation*, targeting Nix developers and early testers. +- The goal of an RFC is to make explicit all the implications of a change: + Explain why it is wanted, which new use-cases it enables, which interface changes it requires, etc. + It is primarily an issue of *design* and *communication*, targeting the broader community. + +This means that experimental features and RFCs are orthogonal mechanisms, and can be used independently or together as needed. diff --git a/doc/manual/src/glossary.md b/doc/manual/src/glossary.md index b56d857d1..fe5920746 100644 --- a/doc/manual/src/glossary.md +++ b/doc/manual/src/glossary.md @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ invoked, the Nix store can be referred to as a "_local_" or a "_remote_" one: - + A *local store* exists on the filesystem of + + A [local store]{#gloss-local-store} exists on the filesystem of the machine where Nix is invoked. You can use other local stores by passing the `--store` flag to the `nix` command. Local stores can be used for building derivations. @@ -65,17 +65,17 @@ served by the `nix-serve` Perl script. [store]: #gloss-store + [local store]: #gloss-local-store - [chroot store]{#gloss-chroot-store}\ - A local store whose canonical path is anything other than `/nix/store`. + A [local store] whose canonical path is anything other than `/nix/store`. - [binary cache]{#gloss-binary-cache}\ A *binary cache* is a Nix store which uses a different format: its metadata and signatures are kept in `.narinfo` files rather than in a - Nix database. This different format simplifies serving store objects - over the network, but cannot host builds. Examples of binary caches - include S3 buckets and the [NixOS binary - cache](https://cache.nixos.org). + [Nix database]. This different format simplifies serving store objects + over the network, but cannot host builds. Examples of binary caches + include S3 buckets and the [NixOS binary cache](https://cache.nixos.org). - [store path]{#gloss-store-path}\ The location of a [store object] in the file system, i.e., an @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ [fixed-output derivations](#gloss-fixed-output-derivation). - [substitute]{#gloss-substitute}\ - A substitute is a command invocation stored in the Nix database that + A substitute is a command invocation stored in the [Nix database] that describes how to build a store object, bypassing the normal build mechanism (i.e., derivations). Typically, the substitute builds the store object by downloading a pre-built version of the store object @@ -127,6 +127,14 @@ builder can rely on external inputs such as the network or the system time) but the Nix model assumes it. + - Nix database{#gloss-nix-database}\ + An SQlite database to track [reference]s between [store object]s. + This is an implementation detail of the [local store]. + + Default location: `/nix/var/nix/db`. + + [Nix database]: #gloss-nix-database + - [Nix expression]{#gloss-nix-expression}\ A high-level description of software packages and compositions thereof. Deploying software using Nix entails writing Nix @@ -175,9 +183,9 @@ - [validity]{#gloss-validity}\ A store path is valid if all [store object]s in its [closure] can be read from the [store]. - For a local store, this means: + For a [local store], this means: - The store path leads to an existing [store object] in that [store]. - - The store path is listed in the Nix database as being valid. + - The store path is listed in the [Nix database] as being valid. - All paths in the store path's [closure] are valid. [validity]: #gloss-validity diff --git a/maintainers/README.md b/maintainers/README.md index 36d40a0ab..618bfb4e4 100644 --- a/maintainers/README.md +++ b/maintainers/README.md @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Meeting notes are collected on a [collaborative scratchpad](https://pad.lassul.u The team uses a [GitHub project board](https://github.com/orgs/NixOS/projects/19/views/1) for tracking its work. -Issues on the board progress through the following states: +Items on the board progress through the following states: - No Status @@ -80,6 +80,9 @@ Issues on the board progress through the following states: If there is disagreement on the general idea behind an issue or pull request, it is moved to _To discuss_, otherwise to _In review_. + To ensure process quality and reliability, all non-trivial pull requests must be triaged before merging. + What constitutes a trivial pull request is up to maintainers' judgement. + - To discuss Pull requests and issues that are deemed important and controversial are discussed by the team during discussion meetings.